Kara Sears
There are many options for students interested in studying law after completing their 12th grade. Law is a versatile field that can be integrated with various graduation streams, including arts, science, commerce, or humanities. Students can enrol in integrated law programs, which typically last five years and combine a degree in law with another discipline. Examples include BA LLB, BSc LLB, BBA LLB, and BCom LLB. These programs provide a comprehensive legal education and are offered by top law colleges in India, such as SGT University and Lloyd Law College. Additionally, students can pursue diploma and certificate courses in law, which are shorter in duration and can enhance specific skills. However, it's important to note that eligibility criteria and admission processes may vary among universities and programs, with some requiring entrance examinations or specific minimum marks in the 10+2 exams.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Course duration | 3-5 years |
| Eligibility | Pass class 10+2 exams from a recognised board with a minimum of 45-60% marks |
| Entrance exams | CLAT, AILET, LSAT, DUET, etc. |
| Age limit | 20-25 years old |
| Colleges/Universities | SGT University, Lloyd Law College, KIIT Bhubaneswar, Dr. BR Ambedkar College of Law Visakhapatnam, BML Munjal University Gurgaon, ILS Law College Pune |
| Syllabus | Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Contract Law, Political Science, Sociology, Economics, Business Law, Administrative Law, Corporate Law, Criminology, Environmental Law, etc. |
| Fees | INR 1,60,000 per annum at SGT University |
| Career opportunities | Corporate Lawyers, Legal Consultants, Law Officers, Legal Associates, Junior Lawyers, Legal Expert Advisors, Human Rights Activists, Litigators, etc. |
| Salary | INR 3-12 lakhs per annum depending on experience and specialisation |
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What You'll Learn
Law course options and eligibility
After completing Class 12, students from any stream (Science/Commerce/Arts) can pursue an LLB. However, for B.Tech LLB, one must be from a non-medical background or should have studied mathematics in Class 12.
Integrated Law Courses
Integrated law courses are dual degree programmes, with one degree being in law and the other in another discipline such as arts, commerce, management, science or technology. These courses are typically 5 years long, and admission is based on entrance exams. Examples of integrated law courses include:
- BA LLB (Bachelor in Arts - Bachelor of Legislative Law)
- BSc LLB
- BBA LLB
- BCom LLB
- B.Tech LLB
The eligibility criteria for integrated law courses typically require students to pass their Class 12 exams from a recognised board with a minimum of 45-50% marks. Some universities may require a minimum of 60% marks.
LLB
The LLB course is typically 3 to 5 years long, depending on whether it is offered with or without specialisations. The basic eligibility criteria for the LLB course is completing Class 12 from a recognised board with a minimum of 45% marks. Some universities may require students to complete graduation in any discipline with at least 45% marks from a recognised university for admission to the LLB Hons course.
Diploma and Certificate Courses
Students can also pursue short-term diploma and certificate courses in law after Class 12. These courses typically range from 3 months to 18 months in duration and can provide specialisations in areas such as human rights, information technology laws, women's studies, criminology, business law, and cyber law.
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Career prospects
After completing a degree or diploma in law, graduates can explore a wide range of career opportunities in the legal sector. The legal profession has always been one of the most respected and sought-after career paths in India. With the increasing complexity of laws and regulations, the need for qualified legal professionals is greater than ever.
Students from any stream (Science/Commerce/Arts) can pursue an LLB. Commerce students can pursue an integrated BCom LLB course, which is one of the best courses for commerce students interested in law. BA LLB, also known as "Bachelor in Arts - Bachelor of Legislative Law", is an integrated law program that deals with the study of law and legislature, along with aspects of arts such as history and sociology. The duration of the BA LLB course is typically 5 years. Other integrated law programs of 5 years include BSc LLB, BBA LLB, and BTech LLB.
Students who wish to major in law are advised not to take Science in high school, as only the B.Tech LLB program requires students to be from a non-medical background or to have studied mathematics in class 12th. For admission to most law colleges in India, students must pass various national and regional entrance examinations.
After completing an LLB course, students can kickstart their careers as lawyers not only in court but also in other fields such as media, the corporate world, and banking, business, academia, industry, social services, politics, and many more. Fresh graduates can typically expect starting salaries ranging from INR 3 to 6 lakhs per annum, depending on their roles and organizations. As graduates gain experience, their salaries can increase significantly. For example, corporate lawyers with over five years of experience can earn INR 6 to 12 lakhs per annum, while legal consultants with similar experience can command INR 5 to 10 lakhs per annum. Professionals with specializations in high-demand areas, such as corporate law or intellectual property rights, can expect salaries well above INR 10 lakhs per annum.
Additionally, graduates can continue their education by obtaining a postgraduate legal degree, such as an LLM, or registering for an LL.M. from a reputed and recognized National or International College.
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Salary expectations
In the United States, the average salary for a first-year attorney is $101,610 per year, according to Glassdoor's data from December 2024. When additional pay in the form of bonuses, commissions, and tips is taken into account, the estimated total pay for a first-year attorney rises to approximately $138,742 per year. It's worth noting that the biggest entry-level salaries often come from large, prestigious law firms, but starting at a small law firm can also be advantageous as your salary can scale rapidly as your career progresses.
In India, fresh graduates entering the workforce can expect starting salaries ranging from INR 3 to 6 lakhs per annum, depending on their roles and the organizations they join. As graduates gain experience, their salaries can increase significantly. For example, corporate lawyers with approximately 3-5 years of experience can earn between INR 6 and 12 lakhs per annum, while legal consultants with similar experience can expect a salary range of INR 5 to 10 lakhs per annum. Professionals with over five years of experience, especially those specialising in high-demand areas like corporate law or intellectual property rights, can command salaries well above INR 10 lakhs per annum.
While pursuing a legal career can lead to lucrative salaries, it's important to consider the financial investment required to obtain a law degree, as well as the unique characteristics of the legal sector, such as the emphasis on billable hours and work-life balance challenges. Additionally, it's worth noting that salary should not be the sole factor in choosing a law school or legal specialisation. Other considerations, such as your interests, career goals, and the quality of the education provided, should also play a significant role in your decision-making process.
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Entrance exams
After completing your 12th grade, you can pursue a Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Legislative Law (BA LLB) degree, a comprehensive 5-year program that combines both arts and law. This course is ideal for students who have completed their 12th grade in any stream—arts, science, or commerce—and want to enter the legal profession.
To gain admission to a BA LLB program, you will typically need to meet certain eligibility criteria, which may include achieving a minimum aggregate score of 50-60% in your 12th-grade examinations. Additionally, you will need to clear specific entrance exams or meet merit-based selection criteria set by the university offering the BA LLB program.
- Common Law Admission Test (CLAT): CLAT is a national-level entrance exam conducted by the Consortium of National Law Universities. It is one of the most popular law entrance exams in India and is accepted by a majority of the National Law Schools in the country. The exam tests your knowledge in subjects such as English, General Knowledge, Logical Reasoning, Legal Reasoning, and Quantitative Techniques.
- Law School Admission Test (LSAT): The LSAT is another widely accepted entrance exam for law programs in India. It assesses your reading and verbal reasoning skills, as well as your ability to analyse and interpret data. The LSAT is often considered a good indicator of a candidate's potential for success in law school.
- All India Law Entrance Test (AILET): AILET is a national-level entrance exam conducted by the National Law University, Delhi, for admission to its undergraduate and postgraduate law programs. The exam covers areas such as English, General Knowledge, Legal Aptitude, Reasoning, and Elementary Mathematics.
- Delhi University Entrance Test (DUET): DUET is conducted by the National Testing Agency (NTA) for admission to the law programs offered by Delhi University. The exam tests your knowledge in subjects such as Analytical Aptitude, General Knowledge, English Language and Comprehension, and Legal Knowledge.
These are just a few examples of the entrance exams accepted by law colleges in India. It is important to note that different universities may have their own specific entrance exams or selection criteria, so it is advisable to check the requirements of your preferred universities before applying.
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Law colleges in India
There are many law colleges in India that offer a variety of undergraduate and postgraduate law courses. Here is a list of some of the popular law colleges in India:
SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana
SGT University is recognised as one of the top law colleges in India. It offers a 5-year integrated BA LLB program for students who have completed the 12th grade in any stream (arts, science, or commerce). The comprehensive BA LLB syllabus includes core subjects such as Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, and Contract Law, alongside interdisciplinary studies. The course fee at SGT University is INR 1,60,000 per annum.
Lloyd Law College, Greater Noida
Lloyd Law College offers BA LLB and B Com LLB courses with a strong emphasis on skill-based legal education. The college provides over 20 dedicated Skill Development Centres and a variety of inclusive Certificate Courses that students can avail themselves of as part of the degree program at no additional cost. Lloyd Law College also offers exceptional exposure to global mooting and an academic research culture.
National Law University, Delhi
National Law University, located in one of the best cities to study law in India, offers undergraduate and postgraduate law programs.
Symbiosis Law School, Pune
Symbiosis Law School is a constituent of Symbiosis International University, offering undergraduate and postgraduate law programs.
Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law is another top law school located in Kharagpur, one of the best cities to study law in India.
In addition to these colleges, there are many other reputable law colleges in India, including Midnapore Law College, Surendranath Law College, Kolkata, Indian Institute of Legal Studies, Siliguri, and Chotanagpur Law College, Ranchi University, Ranchi. These colleges offer a range of law courses, including LLB, BA LLB, and diploma and certificate courses in specialisations such as human rights, cyber law, and business law.
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Frequently asked questions
There are a variety of law courses you can pursue after the 12th grade. These include integrated law programs such as BA LLB, BSc LLB, BBA LLB, and BCom LLB. These courses typically last 5 years.
The eligibility requirements may vary depending on the program and university. Generally, you need to pass the 10+2 exams from a recognized board and secure a minimum of 45-50% aggregate marks. Some universities may also require you to take an entrance exam.
After completing a law degree, you can explore a wide range of career opportunities in the legal sector. You can work as a lawyer in court, media, corporate world, banking, law firms, corporate firms, NGOs, or MNCs. You can also prepare for the judiciary or appear for competitive examinations.
