Cameron Miranda
In the US, law is a challenging subject to study, requiring students to spend long hours in the library poring over legislation and case law. Traditionally, a combination of independent study and apprenticeship was the prototypical path of a lawyer. However, since the 1870s, the American Bar Association (ABA) has lobbied tirelessly to convince states to only allow law school students to take the bar exam and become lawyers. Today, only a few states, including California and Virginia, allow aspiring lawyers to take the bar exam without a law degree. While law school provides structure, tests, and deadlines, some argue that it does not prepare students to practice law. Apprenticeships, on the other hand, offer financial benefits and hands-on experience, but apprentices may face challenges finding employment and have lower bar exam pass rates. Online law courses and degrees from leading universities worldwide are also now available for those wishing to learn about law.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| States that allow apprenticeships in lieu of a law degree | California, Virginia, Vermont, Washington, New York, Maine, Wyoming |
| Pros of apprenticeships | No law student debt, alternative vocational path, hands-on experience |
| Cons of apprenticeships | Lower bar exam pass rates, harder to find employment, no structure |
| Pros of law school | Structure, tests, deadlines, classroom environment |
| Cons of law school | High costs, less practical |
| Online law courses | Available from FutureLearn |
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What You'll Learn
Online law courses and degrees
Coursera, for instance, offers hundreds of free law courses, as well as paid options for earning a Course or Specialization Certificate. Their courses cover a variety of subjects, including the history and interpretation of legal systems, criminal and civil law, environmental law, and international law. They also offer foundational knowledge of legal principles and their application, skills in legal research and analysis, and practical skills like negotiation and conflict resolution. Coursera's flexibility makes it ideal for learners who want to develop their legal skills while working full-time.
FutureLearn also offers a range of online law degrees from world-class universities, including master's degrees. Their courses cover various legal fields, such as criminal justice and international law, and they emphasize the networking opportunities available through their platform.
EdX, another online learning platform, provides free law courses and programs that break down legal principles, case studies, and the legal system. They offer both bachelor's and master's degrees in law. Their courses can help beginners or current legal professionals enhance their legal knowledge, with topics such as intellectual property law, international human rights law, and computer science for lawyers. edX also offers law certificates that can boost your resume and open career doors.
Additionally, prestigious institutions like Harvard Law School offer online programs that provide access to the same faculty expertise and content as their on-campus programs, with the added flexibility of virtual classrooms.
These online law courses and degrees vary in structure, content, and focus, allowing learners to choose the best fit for their goals and preferences. They offer a convenient and flexible way to develop a foundational understanding of law or enhance existing legal knowledge.
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Apprenticeships vs law school
Apprenticeships and law school are two distinct paths towards a career in law, each with its own advantages and drawbacks.
Apprenticeships
Apprenticeships offer a unique opportunity to gain practical experience in the legal field while studying. This allows apprentices to develop their skills and knowledge in a real-world context, which can make them more competent in providing client representation even before they become attorneys. For example, in California, an apprentice can learn the law by "reading law" under a judge or practising attorney. This route allowed 60 people to become lawyers in 2013, without ever attending law school. Apprenticeships also offer the advantage of earning and saving money, as well as avoiding the costly and time-consuming LSAT and law school application process. Apprentices can study at their own pace and in a way that suits their learning style, without the stress and competition often associated with law school. Additionally, apprentices may build a significant network of connections with future clients, mentors, and colleagues, which can be beneficial for their future practice.
Law School
Law school, on the other hand, provides a structured curriculum and a traditional educational path towards a career in law. It offers access to a wide range of resources, including law school libraries and databases like Lexis and Westlaw. Law school also provides students with a community of peers and alumni connections, which can be valuable for future career prospects and support. While law school can be expensive and may require taking on debt, it is a well-established route to becoming a lawyer and is recognised across most states.
Both apprenticeships and law school have their merits, and the best choice depends on an individual's learning style, financial situation, and career goals. Apprenticeships may be more suitable for those seeking practical experience and a self-directed learning approach, while law school offers a more traditional, structured path with greater recognition across the United States.
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$15.99
Law specialisms
While it is possible to learn about the law without going to law school, it is not possible to learn every aspect of the law on your own. The law is a vast and complex field, and even lawyers who have undergone formal legal education specialise in specific areas.
Some common law specialisms include:
- Criminal Law: This involves the prosecution or defence of individuals charged with criminal offences, ranging from minor crimes to serious felonies. Criminal lawyers need to have a strong understanding of criminal procedure, evidence, and the relevant substantive law.
- Contract Law: Lawyers specialising in this area may advise businesses or individuals on drafting, negotiating, and interpreting contracts, as well as resolving contract-related disputes.
- Accident Compensation: Also known as personal injury law, this specialism involves representing clients who have been injured due to the negligence or wrongdoing of others. Accident compensation lawyers may help their clients obtain compensation for their injuries, medical expenses, and other losses.
- Land Dispute: Real estate or property lawyers practising in this area handle disputes related to land ownership, boundaries, zoning, and more. They may also assist clients with transactions involving the purchase, sale, or lease of real estate.
- International Law: This field concerns the legal relationships between nations and the rules governing international organisations. International lawyers may work for governments, non-governmental organisations, or multinational corporations, addressing issues such as human rights, trade, and diplomacy.
These are just a few examples of the many law specialisms that exist. Each area of specialisation requires a deep understanding of the relevant laws, regulations, and legal procedures, often gained through a combination of education, mentorship, and practical experience.
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The challenges of learning law
Learning law comes with a unique set of challenges, whether you are pursuing a formal degree at a law school or teaching yourself. Here are some of the difficulties you may encounter when learning law:
The volume of information
Law is a complex and vast subject, and the sheer amount of information you need to learn can be overwhelming. From legislation and case law to legal theories and academic interpretations, the reading lists for law students are notoriously extensive. It can be challenging to keep up with the pace of learning and absorb all the necessary information.
Understanding the material
The legal system, with its unique language and concepts, can be challenging to grasp. Understanding the intricacies of legal terminology, precedents, and the interconnections between different areas of law requires a significant amount of time and effort.
Critical thinking and analysis
Studying law involves developing strong critical thinking and analytical skills. You need to be able to interpret complex information, identify key points, and apply legal concepts to practical scenarios. This aspect of legal education demands a high level of mental engagement and the ability to think creatively and logically.
Exam and assessment pressures
Law exams and assessments are known for their rigorous nature. They often require the ability to recall and apply a vast amount of knowledge within a structured framework. Essay-style questions are common, demanding excellent legal writing skills and the ability to construct clear, concise, and legally accurate arguments.
Keeping up with changes and updates
The law is a dynamic field, and legal systems evolve over time. Staying up-to-date with legal developments, new legislation, and case law precedents can be challenging, especially when learning on your own.
Industry expectations and accreditation
The legal industry often favours candidates from traditional law school backgrounds, and breaking into the industry as a self-taught lawyer or apprentice can be difficult. Prestigious law firms often recruit from top-tier law schools, creating a barrier for those without formal qualifications.
While learning law on your own is possible, it is important to be aware of these challenges and prepare accordingly. Online courses, mentorship, and staying connected with the legal community can help mitigate some of these difficulties.
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Bar exam preparation
In the United States, it is possible to take the bar exam without a law degree or setting foot into a law school. In California, Maine, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, and New York, aspiring lawyers can study for the bar exam through apprenticeships. However, this route is challenging and less travelled, with only 60 out of 84,000 lawyers becoming certified in this manner in 2013.
To prepare for the bar exam independently, a structured yet flexible study plan is essential. It is recommended to start preparing 8-10 weeks before the exam date, dedicating 40-50 hours per week to studying. This intensive preparation period is likened to a full-time job. For those with full-time work commitments, it is advised to begin studying a few months in advance, treating preparation like a part-time job of 16-24 hours per week.
A comprehensive bar exam preparation course, such as BARBRI, can be immensely beneficial. BARBRI offers a redesigned curriculum that employs proven learning methodologies to simplify complex subjects. Its adaptive online Personalized Study Plan allows you to create a customizable study calendar based on your availability. The program automatically adjusts daily assignments based on priority and performance, ensuring a tailored and efficient learning experience. Additionally, BARBRI provides mock exams, analytics, and early access to assignments and materials, giving you a competitive edge.
Another critical aspect of bar exam preparation is practising exam techniques. It is not enough to merely know the law; success lies in applying it effectively under pressure. Regularly attempt practice exams and simulations to build endurance, confidence, and time management skills. Replicate actual exam conditions by using licensed questions, adhering to time limits, and taking scheduled breaks. After each practice session, carefully review your answers, identifying areas of improvement. Utilise resources like flashcards, lectures, and outlines to strengthen your understanding of challenging topics.
In the final week leading up to the exam, it is crucial to intensify your preparation. Take two full-length simulated exams to identify any last-minute weaknesses and focus on high-yield topics. Ensure you prioritise sleep and rest to avoid burnout and maintain a clear head. Remember, consistent and disciplined preparation is the key to success.
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Frequently asked questions
Yes, it is possible to learn law on your own. There are many free online law courses offered by leading universities and institutions worldwide. However, becoming a licensed lawyer typically requires a combination of education and apprenticeship that varies by state.
To learn law on your own, you can explore free online law courses or degree programs from world-class universities. These courses can cover various legal fields, including criminal justice and international law. Additionally, in some states like California, Virginia, Vermont, and Washington, aspiring lawyers can take the bar exam without a law degree by studying under a judge or practicing attorney for an extended period.
Learning law on your own through apprenticeships can offer financial benefits, eliminating the significant debt associated with law school. It also provides a more hands-on, vocational path that some find preferable to the traditional classroom environment.
One significant challenge is the extensive reading and information retention required in law. Law students often spend long hours in the library, and it can be challenging to keep up with the pace of learning. Additionally, independent learners may need to be highly self-motivated and organised to succeed without the structure of a traditional law school program.
While it is possible to become a lawyer without a law degree in some states, it is relatively rare. Most prestigious law firms recruit from top-tier law schools. Apprenticeships or alternative paths to becoming a lawyer may face lower pass rates on the bar exam and increased difficulty finding employment due to the degree-obsessed nature of the industry.
