Law Degree: Your Path To Becoming A Lawyer

Becoming a lawyer is a challenging and lengthy process that requires dedication, hard work, and a strong commitment to preparing for law school admissions. The journey typically takes around seven years of education and training, including a bachelor's degree, law school, and passing the bar exam.

The first step towards becoming a lawyer is earning a bachelor's degree. While there is no specific major required, common pre-law majors include history, social sciences, politics, economics, and criminal justice. Law schools generally require a bachelor's degree for admission, but some may accept applicants without one.

The next step is taking the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) or the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). The LSAT is the traditional law school entrance exam, testing reading comprehension, analytical reasoning, logical reasoning, and writing abilities. However, some law schools also accept GRE scores.

After obtaining a competitive LSAT or GRE score, aspiring lawyers should apply to law school. Law school typically takes three years of full-time study and covers a broad range of subjects related to law and legal practice. During law school, students gain a comprehensive understanding of legal principles, develop analytical skills, and learn to think critically.

Once law school is completed, the next step is to pass the bar examination. The bar exam is a challenging, multi-day test that assesses eligibility to practice law in a particular state. It consists of multiple-choice questions, essays, and performance tests. Aspiring lawyers must pass this exam to become licensed in their state.

Finally, obtaining a law license is the last step in becoming a licensed attorney. The specific process varies by state but typically involves researching state requirements, completing an application, submitting required documents, undergoing a background check and character evaluation, and participating in a swearing-in ceremony.

While the road to becoming a lawyer is demanding, it can also be a rewarding and enriching experience for those passionate about pursuing a career in law.

Take the LSAT or GRE

The LSAT (Law School Admission Test) is the traditional law school entrance exam, and the one that most prospective law students take. The higher your LSAT score, the more competitive your application will be. The test is made up of six sections, each lasting 35 minutes: Analytical Reasoning (Logic Games), Reading Comprehension, two Logical Reasoning Sections, an Extra Variable Section, and a Writing Sample. Only four of these sections count towards your score: Analytical Reasoning, Reading Comprehension, and the two Logical Reasoning Sections. The writing sample is unscored but can still influence the admission decision. The four sections give you a score ranging from 120 to 180. A score of 150-160 is considered average, 160-170 is above average, and 170+ is considered exceptionally good.

The LSAT is accepted by all law schools and can make up for a less-than-impressive GPA or other aspects of your application that you don't feel confident about. LSAT scores can account for as much as 50% of an admissions decision. There are unlimited retake opportunities for the LSAT, but it is only offered on specific days of the year. A bad LSAT score is hard to overcome, and law schools will see every single score. It is also hard to get a perfect score, and difficult to prepare for this test without outside help.

The Graduate Record Exam (GRE), on the other hand, is designed to test a broader range of skills and is intended to provide an overview of your ability to succeed in a wide variety of programs, including MBA or other advanced business degrees. The GRE is accepted by a wider variety of programs, so if you're not sure about law school, or are interested in dual-degree programs, the GRE might be better. The GRE is also offered more often than the LSAT and is available all year round. You can also preview your scores right after the exam and decide whether to send them to your chosen schools.

However, the LSAT is still the preferred option for most applicants. The vast majority of successful law school applicants take the LSAT, as it is a better indication of how a student will fare at law school. It is also a powerful component of law school rankings. The GRE is only accepted by a minority of J.D. programs.

If you are only applying to law schools, it is probably more worth your while to take the LSAT. If you can crush the LSAT, you should do so regardless of any other factors in your application. However, if the LSAT is a major hurdle for you, the GRE might be a good option.

Earn a bachelor's degree

Earning a bachelor's degree is the first step toward becoming a lawyer. While law schools don't require any specific field of undergraduate study, common pre-law majors include history, social sciences, political science, English, economics, and philosophy.

Although your specific major is less important, law schools place a great deal of emphasis on your GPA. Therefore, it's advisable to choose an undergraduate major that interests you and allows you to develop skills like critical thinking and logical argumentation, which are essential for both the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) and law school.

Additionally, gaining work experience can be a powerful addition to your law school application. Participating in legal research as part of your undergraduate degree or working as a paralegal can enhance your application and demonstrate your readiness for law school.

• Select a major that interests you and aligns with your future career goals. If you know your desired area of law, choose a degree that lays the groundwork for that field. For example, consider an economics or business degree if you're interested in corporate law.
• Focus on maintaining a strong GPA, as this is an important factor in law school admissions.
• Develop essential skills such as critical thinking, logical argumentation, and analytical abilities, which will be beneficial for both the LSAT and law school.
• Gain work experience or participate in extracurricular activities like debate clubs or mock trial teams to enhance your application and demonstrate well-roundedness.
• Start preparing for the LSAT at least six months in advance of your planned test date.

Apply to law school

Applying to law school is a crucial step in your journey to becoming a lawyer. Here is a detailed guide on how to go about it:

Transcripts and Scores:

Most law schools require applicants to submit transcripts from all post-secondary education and their scores from either the Law School Admission Test (LSAT) or the Graduate Record Examination (GRE). Some schools may require only the LSAT, while others may accept both. The LSAT is the traditional law school entrance exam and is accepted by every ABA-accredited law school. However, as of January 2023, about 100 institutions also accept GRE scores. The LSAT tests your reading comprehension, analytical reasoning, logical reasoning, and writing abilities, while the GRE tests your verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing capabilities. You should aim to take either of these exams at least six months before your law school application deadlines.

Letters of Recommendation:

Law schools typically require two letters of recommendation as part of the application process. These letters should ideally be from individuals who can speak to your academic capabilities, such as professors or advisors.

Personal Statement:

A well-crafted personal statement is an essential component of your law school application. This statement is your opportunity to showcase your unique experiences, skills, and goals that align with a career in law. It is a chance to highlight any extracurricular activities, internships, or work experience that has prepared you for the rigours of law school.

Complete Application:

In addition to the items mentioned above, you will need to fill out the law school's application form. This may include providing information about your educational background, work experience, and reasons for applying to that particular law school.

Application Deadlines:

It is crucial to be mindful of law school application deadlines, as they can vary. Many law schools in the United States have rolling admissions, so applying as early as possible is advantageous. There are also early decision/early action options with deadlines typically between September and November, and regular decision deadlines between December and February.

Law School Requirements:

Before applying, ensure that you meet the law school's specific requirements. Most law schools require a bachelor's degree for admission. However, some schools may accept students without a degree or with a different type of degree. Additionally, check if the law school is accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA), as most state bar exams require applicants to have earned their degree from an ABA-accredited institution.

School Selection:

When choosing a law school, consider factors such as accreditation, reputation, curriculum, and specialisations offered. It is also essential to research the bar exam requirements in your desired jurisdiction, as some states have specific requirements regarding the law school you attend.

Scholarships and Financial Aid:

Law school can be expensive, so it is advisable to explore scholarship opportunities and financial aid options. Many law schools offer scholarships based on merit or financial need. Additionally, external scholarships and grants may be available through organisations or private donors.

Interviews:

Some law schools may conduct interviews as part of the admissions process. If an interview is required, prepare by researching common law school interview questions and practising your responses. Dress professionally and be ready to discuss your qualifications, experiences, and reasons for wanting to attend that particular law school.

Wait for a Decision:

After submitting your application, the waiting game begins. Law schools can take several weeks or even months to review applications and make admission decisions. During this time, ensure that your contact information is up to date, so you don't miss any important communications from the admissions office.

Acceptance and Enrollment:

If you receive an acceptance letter, congratulations! Carefully review the terms of acceptance and decide whether to accept the offer. If you choose to enrol, follow the law school's instructions for finalising your enrollment, including paying any necessary fees or deposits.

Remember, the application process can be highly competitive, so don't get discouraged if you don't get into your dream school on the first try. You can always reapply or consider alternative options, such as part-time programs or less selective law schools.

Pass the bar exam

Passing the bar exam is the penultimate step to becoming a lawyer. The bar exam is a multi-day test that assesses your eligibility to practice law in a particular state. The exam consists of multiple-choice questions, essays, and performance tests that measure your knowledge and understanding of the law.

How to Prepare for the Bar Exam

You should start studying for the bar exam at least six months in advance. During this time, it is important to review course material from law school and familiarise yourself with recent updates to state and federal laws. It is also beneficial to practice answering bar exam-style questions. You may also want to consider taking a prep course, joining a study group, or using study aids such as flashcards and mock exams.

Most states do not limit the number of times you can take the bar exam. For those that do, the maximum number of attempts typically ranges from 2 to 6. You can check the specific requirements and limits for retaking the exam in your jurisdiction on the National Conference of Bar Examiners (NCBE) website.

Uniform Bar Examination (UBE)

Many jurisdictions allow you to take the Uniform Bar Examination (UBE) instead of their state-specific bar exam. The UBE is designed to assess the same level of competence regardless of the state in which it is administered.

After Passing the Bar Exam

Once you have passed the bar exam, you will need to obtain your license to practice law. While the process varies from state to state, it typically involves researching and fulfilling state-specific requirements, completing an application, submitting required documents, paying an application fee, undergoing a background check and character evaluation, and attending a swearing-in ceremony.

Obtain your license

Obtaining your law license is the final step in becoming a licensed attorney. While the specific process may vary from state to state, here are the general steps to follow:

Research State Requirements

Familiarize yourself with the specific requirements set by the state's bar association. Understand the application process, fees, and required documentation. Each state has its own bar requirements, so it is important to consult with your state's bar association to ensure you are meeting the necessary legal education requirements.

Complete the Application

Fill out the application form, providing personal information, educational background, and employment history. This may include submitting transcripts from your law school, LSAT or GRE scores, letters of recommendation, and a personal statement or resume.

Submit Required Documents

Include supporting documents such as law school transcripts, bar exam certification, and certificates of good standing from other jurisdictions. Some states may also require background checks and character evaluations, assessing your moral character and criminal history.

Pay the Application Fee

Most states require an application fee to cover the administrative costs of processing your license application.

Attend the Swearing-In Ceremony

Upon approval of your application, attend a formal swearing-in ceremony where you will take an oath to uphold the law and fulfil your duties as an attorney. This ceremony is typically organized by the local bar association, your law school, or another relevant group. In some cases, you may be able to take your oath in a virtual ceremony if an in-person event is not possible.

Receive Your License

After completing all the necessary steps and meeting the requirements, you will receive your law license. This grants you the authority to practice law in a particular jurisdiction. Remember that you will need to keep your license up to date and fulfil any renewal or continuing education obligations to maintain your license over time.

Frequently asked questions