Keith Mack
Citing the *George Washington Law Review* accurately is essential for legal scholars, practitioners, and students to ensure proper attribution and credibility in their work. The *George Washington Law Review* is a prestigious legal journal published by the George Washington University Law School, and its citation format typically follows the *Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation*, the standard guide for legal citations in the United States. To cite an article from the *George Washington Law Review*, one must include key elements such as the author’s name, article title, volume number, journal title, page number, and publication year. For example, a basic citation might appear as: *Author’s Last Name, First Initial. “Article Title,”* George Washington Law Review *Volume Number (Year): Page Number*. Understanding and adhering to these citation rules not only upholds academic integrity but also facilitates access to the original source for readers.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Citation Style | Bluebook |
| Journal Title | The George Washington Law Review |
| Abbreviated Title | Geo. Wash. L. Rev. |
| Publisher | The George Washington University Law School |
| Publication Type | Law Review |
| ISSN | 0016-8076 (print), 2330-5222 (online) |
| Volume Number | Varies (check specific issue) |
| Issue Number | Varies (check specific issue) |
| Page Numbers | Varies (check specific article) |
| Publication Date | Varies (check specific issue) |
| Author Format | Last Name, First Name |
| Title Format | Title of Article (use sentence case) |
| Example Citation | Author Last Name, First Name, Title of Article, Vol. X Geo. Wash. L. Rev. Page (Year). |
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What You'll Learn
Bluebook Citation Format
When citing *The George Washington Law Review* in the Bluebook Citation Format, it is essential to follow the specific rules outlined in *The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation*. The Bluebook provides detailed guidelines for citing law reviews, and adherence to these rules ensures consistency and professionalism in legal writing. Below is a step-by-step guide to citing *The George Washington Law Review* in the Bluebook format.
First, the basic structure for citing a law review article in the Bluebook is as follows: Author(s), Title of Article, Volume Number Abbreviated Law Review Title Page Number (Year). For *The George Washington Law Review*, the abbreviation is "Geo. Wash. L. Rev.". For example, if you are citing an article by Jane Doe titled *"The Evolution of Constitutional Law"* published in volume 89 on page 1234 in 2021, the citation would appear as: Jane Doe, The Evolution of Constitutional Law, 89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1234 (2021). Note that the author’s name is followed by a comma, the title of the article is italicized, and the volume number, abbreviated journal title, and page number are separated by spaces.
If the article has multiple authors, list all authors in the order they appear, separated by commas. For instance, if the article is co-authored by Jane Doe and John Smith, the citation would begin with Jane Doe & John Smith,. If there are more than two authors, use the phrase "et al." after the first author’s name, unless the journal itself lists all authors. For example: Jane Doe et al., The Evolution of Constitutional Law, 89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1234 (2021).
For citations within text, the Bluebook uses a parenthetical format. If you reference the article in a sentence, include the citation in parentheses at the end of the relevant clause or sentence. For example: *"As Jane Doe argues, constitutional law has undergone significant changes in recent years." (Jane Doe, The Evolution of Constitutional Law, 89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1234 (2021)).* If the author’s name is already part of the sentence, omit it from the citation: *"As argued in The Evolution of Constitutional Law, constitutional law has evolved dramatically." (89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1234 (2021)).*
Finally, if you are citing an online version of the article, include the pinpoint citation followed by the URL or digital object identifier (DOI). For example: Jane Doe, The Evolution of Constitutional Law, 89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 1234 (2021), https://www.gwlr.org. If a DOI is available, use it instead of the URL, as it is more stable. The format would be: https://doi.org/xxxx. Ensure the URL or DOI is accessible and correctly formatted to comply with Bluebook standards.
By following these guidelines, you can accurately and professionally cite *The George Washington Law Review* in the Bluebook Citation Format, ensuring your legal writing meets the highest standards of academic and legal scholarship.
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Online Article Citation Rules
When citing an online article from the George Washington Law Review, it is essential to follow specific citation rules to ensure accuracy and adherence to legal citation standards. The George Washington Law Review, like many other law reviews, adheres to The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation, which is the primary style guide for legal citations in the United States. For online articles, the citation format includes key elements such as the author’s name, article title, journal name, volume and page numbers, publication year, and a stable URL or DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if available.
The basic structure for citing an online article from the George Washington Law Review begins with the author’s full name, followed by the article title in sentence case and enclosed in double quotation marks. Next, include the full name of the law review in italics, followed by the volume number and the first page of the article. After the page numbers, add the publication year in parentheses. For online citations, it is crucial to include the exact URL or DOI that leads directly to the article. If a DOI is available, it is preferred over a URL because it provides a permanent link to the resource. For example: *Author’s Last Name, First Name, "Title of the Article," George Washington Law Review* vol. XX, no. X, at XX (Year), available at [stable URL or DOI].
In cases where the article does not have a DOI, use the most stable URL available, such as a permalink provided by the law review’s website or a legal database like Westlaw or LexisNexis. Avoid using URLs that are session-specific or may change over time. If the article is accessed through a database, include the database name in the citation. For instance: *Author’s Last Name, First Name, "Title of the Article," George Washington Law Review* vol. XX, no. X, at XX (Year), available at [Database Name], [URL]. Ensure the URL is enclosed in angle brackets (< >) and is functional at the time of citation.
When the article is part of a special issue or symposium, include this information after the volume number to provide additional context. For example: *Author’s Last Name, First Name, "Title of the Article," George Washington Law Review* vol. XX, no. X (Special Issue Name), at XX (Year), available at [URL or DOI]. This ensures clarity and completeness in the citation, especially for readers who may be unfamiliar with the publication’s structure.
Finally, consistency and attention to detail are critical when citing online articles from the George Washington Law Review. Double-check all elements, including author names, volume and page numbers, and URLs, to avoid errors. Following these rules not only ensures compliance with legal citation standards but also enhances the credibility and professionalism of your work. Always refer to the latest edition of *The Bluebook* for any updates or specific guidelines related to online citations.
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Print Edition Citation Guide
When citing the *George Washington Law Review* in its print edition, it is essential to follow a structured format that adheres to established legal citation standards, typically based on *The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation*. The print edition citation should clearly identify the source, allowing readers to locate the material with ease. Begin with the author’s full name, followed by a period. If the article has multiple authors, list all authors in the order they appear, separating them with commas, and conclude with a period. For example: "John Doe." If the author’s name is not available, start with the title of the article, enclosed in quotation marks and followed by a period.
Next, provide the article title in sentence case, capitalizing only the first word and any proper nouns, and enclose it in quotation marks. Follow the title with a comma. After the title, include the volume number of the *George Washington Law Review* in bold or italics, followed by a space and the full name of the journal, italicized. For example: *"The Evolution of Constitutional Law," 85 *Geo. Wash. L. Rev.*". Note that the volume number should correspond to the specific issue in which the article appears.
Following the journal title, insert the page number where the article begins, preceded by a space and followed by a comma. If you are citing a specific page or range within the article, include this after another space. For example: "85 *Geo. Wash. L. Rev.* 1234, 1245." If the article spans multiple pages, use the full page range instead. Ensure that all punctuation is correctly placed to maintain clarity and consistency.
Finally, conclude the citation with the publication year in parentheses, followed by a period. For example: "(2017)." The year should correspond to the print edition’s publication date, not the online publication date if it differs. This structured approach ensures that the citation is both accurate and accessible, aligning with legal citation norms and facilitating scholarly reference.
For supplementary materials or footnotes, additional elements such as pinpoint citations or explanatory parentheticals may be included as needed. However, the core components—author, title, journal name, volume, page numbers, and publication year—remain the foundation of the print edition citation. Adhering to this format not only honors academic integrity but also enhances the credibility of your work by demonstrating meticulous attention to detail.
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Citing Specific Sections Properly
When citing specific sections of the *George Washington Law Review*, precision and adherence to established citation formats are crucial. The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation is the primary style guide used in legal writing, and it provides detailed rules for citing law reviews. To cite a specific section, you must first identify the relevant volume and page numbers of the article. For example, if you are referencing a particular argument on page 123 of Volume 89, the basic citation format would be *89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 123*. However, if you need to pinpoint a specific section within that page, you should include the precise page and, if applicable, the footnote or paragraph number.
Incorporating pinpoint citations is essential for directing readers to the exact portion of the text you are referencing. According to The Bluebook, a pinpoint citation follows the main citation and is separated by a comma. For instance, if you are citing a specific sentence on page 123, the citation would appear as *89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 123, 123* (for the same page) or *89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 123, 125* (for a different page within the same article). If the section you are referencing includes a footnote, you should include the footnote number after the page number, such as *89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 123, 125 n.42*. This ensures clarity and allows readers to locate the exact information you are discussing.
When citing a specific section within a longer article, it is also important to consider the context of the citation. If the section spans multiple pages, you should indicate the range of pages rather than a single page number. For example, if the relevant discussion appears from page 125 to 127, the citation would be *89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 123, 125–27*. This format helps readers understand the scope of the material being referenced. Additionally, if the article includes subsections or headings, you may choose to mention the heading in your citation for added clarity, though this is not required by The Bluebook.
Another consideration when citing specific sections is the use of quotations or direct references to the text. If you are quoting a specific passage, include the page number or paragraph reference immediately following the quotation. For example, you might write, “The author argues that ‘this principle is fundamental to constitutional law,’ *89 Geo. Wash. L. Rev. 123, 125*.” This practice ensures that your citation is directly tied to the quoted material, making it easier for readers to verify the source. Always double-check that the quoted text matches the original exactly, as accuracy is paramount in legal citations.
Finally, consistency is key when citing specific sections of the *George Washington Law Review*. Ensure that all citations within your document follow the same format and adhere strictly to The Bluebook guidelines. Inconsistent or incorrect citations can detract from the credibility of your work and cause confusion for readers. If you are unsure about a particular citation, consult The Bluebook or seek guidance from a legal writing expert. Properly citing specific sections not only demonstrates attention to detail but also enhances the readability and professionalism of your legal writing.
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In-Text Citation Examples
When citing the *George Washington Law Review* in-text, it is essential to follow the guidelines of the citation style you are using, such as Bluebook, APA, or MLA. Below are detailed in-text citation examples for different scenarios, primarily focusing on Bluebook style, as it is the most commonly used in legal writing.
Single Author Example: If you are referencing an article from the *George Washington Law Review* written by a single author, the in-text citation should include the author's last name and the page number. For instance, if citing an article by John Doe on page 123, the in-text citation would appear as: (Doe, 123). This format is concise and directs the reader to the exact location in the source material.
Multiple Authors Example: For articles with two authors, include both last names connected by "and" in the in-text citation. For example, if Jane Smith and Richard Roe co-authored an article, the citation would be: (Smith and Roe, 123). If there are more than two authors, use the first author's last name followed by "et al." and the page number. For instance: (Smith et al., 123). This approach ensures clarity while maintaining brevity.
No Author Example: In rare cases where an article in the *George Washington Law Review* does not list an author, the in-text citation should use a shortened version of the article title in quotation marks, followed by the page number. For example, if citing an untitled article referred to as "The Impact of Climate Change," the citation would be: ("Impact of Climate Change," 123). This method ensures the citation remains specific and traceable.
Multiple Works by the Same Author Example: If you are citing multiple articles by the same author from the *George Washington Law Review*, include a shortened title to distinguish between the works. For instance, if John Doe has two articles titled "Legal Ethics" and "Constitutional Law," the citations would be: (Doe, Legal Ethics, 123) and (Doe, Constitutional Law, 124). This prevents confusion and helps the reader identify the correct source.
Direct Quotation Example: When directly quoting material from the *George Washington Law Review*, include the page number in the in-text citation immediately after the quoted text. For example: "The court's decision set a precedent for future cases." (Doe, 123). This format highlights the exact location of the quotation, ensuring academic integrity and proper attribution.
By following these in-text citation examples, you can accurately and efficiently reference the *George Washington Law Review* in your legal writing, adhering to the standards of your chosen citation style.
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Frequently asked questions
In Bluebook format, cite the George Washington Law Review as follows: *Volume Number* George Washington Law Review *Page Number* (Year). For example: *50* George Washington L. Rev. *123* (2022).
In APA style, cite an article from the George Washington Law Review as follows: Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Year). Title of the article. *George Washington Law Review, Volume Number*(Issue Number), Page Range. For example: Smith, J. (2022). Legal implications of AI. *George Washington Law Review, 50*(2), 123–145.
Yes, you can cite the online version of the George Washington Law Review. Include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) if available, or the URL. Example in Bluebook: *50* George Washington L. Rev. *123* (2022), https://www.gwlr.org/article123. Example in APA: Smith, J. (2022). Legal implications of AI. *George Washington Law Review, 50*(2), 123–145. https://doi.org/xx.xxxx/xxxx.
