Cecily Zamora
A degree in criminology opens up a variety of career paths, with many graduates going on to work in the criminal justice sector. The skills acquired during a criminology degree, such as critical thinking, analytical skills, and research methods, are highly valued by employers and can be applied to a wide range of careers. While some jobs will be directly related to criminology, such as working as a police officer, prison officer, or probation officer, others will focus more on the transferable skills gained during the degree. These skills can be used in roles such as social work, teaching, and law, as well as in the private sector in areas like private security and law practices. Additionally, criminology graduates can find employment in the education sector, non-profit organizations like the NHS, and community development roles.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Job roles | Criminal defence lawyer, social worker, case manager for domestic violence, animal control department head, hospital social worker, community corrections officer, witness support officer, university professor, private detective, investigator, criminal profiler, prison psychologist, paralegal, legal administrative specialist, judicial assistant, courtroom clerk, police officer, prison service officer, probation officer, welfare and housing associate professional, national government administrative officer, HR officer, local government administrative officer, private security, law practices, mental health support, drug rehabilitation, housing officer, outreach support, homelessness officer, refugee and victim support/counselling, criminal intelligence analyst, teacher, researcher |
| Skills | Critical thinking, analytical skills, communication skills, research skills, data analysis skills, understanding of psychology, sociology, ethics, law, and politics |
| Industries | Criminal justice, law enforcement, social work, community education, non-profit, private sector, social welfare, criminal intelligence, teaching, research, law |
| Salary | The median wage for sociologists (including the field of criminology) is $92,910. The average salary for a criminal lawyer is $79,155, and the average for a paralegal is $57,525. The average salary for a forensic psychologist is $67,726. |
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What You'll Learn
Criminal defence lawyer
A criminal defence lawyer represents and defends individuals, groups, or organizations accused of committing a crime. They play a significant role in the administration of justice, ensuring that their clients' constitutional rights are protected throughout the legal process, from arrest to sentencing.
To become a criminal defence lawyer, one typically needs a bachelor's degree, strong research and analytical skills, and a comprehensive understanding of criminal law and procedure. Some lawyers work for the government, while others may be privately hired by the accused. The work environment can vary, including office settings for research and investigations, local travel for interviews, and court appearances.
The job outlook for criminal defence lawyers is positive, with a projected 10% growth in lawyer specialties over the next decade, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The salary for criminal defence lawyers can vary depending on factors such as location, experience, and the type of clients represented.
A degree in criminology can be a good starting point for a career in criminal law, providing a foundation in criminal justice, research skills, and an understanding of the social and psychological aspects of crime. Further studies in law and internships can help prepare individuals for a career as a criminal defence lawyer.
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Social worker
Social work is a career option for graduates with a degree in criminology and law. Social workers often work with law enforcement and attorneys, and they may be subpoenaed to testify, so it is important that they understand court and prosecution processes and procedures. A criminal justice degree can therefore provide an excellent foundation for a career in social work.
There are multiple paths to a career in social work, but most start with obtaining a bachelor's degree in social work or a related area such as psychology, sociology, or criminal justice. A bachelor's degree can open the door to a number of entry-level positions, but a master's degree is often a prerequisite for employment in many social work positions. A master's degree in social work can help you build connections with professionals who have experience in the criminal justice area of social work and provide you with more targeted practical experience.
Forensic social work, also known as criminal justice social work, is the intersection of social work and the legal system. Forensic social workers apply social work principles and expertise to law-related issues and litigation. They work with those involved with the legal system, including lawyers, law enforcement officers, lawmakers, and individuals and families undergoing proceedings in the court system. Criminal justice social workers may educate, train, and consult legal professionals and law enforcement officials. They may also provide testimony and research for criminal and civil court cases.
Criminal justice social workers must be familiar with the law as any recommendations and testimony they provide will undergo critical review. Social worker contributions in court must be in language that relates to the legal system, and any recommendations must be formed using objective criteria and thorough evaluation. Criminal justice social workers may work with criminal defendants in a clinic, correctional facility, or psychiatric hospital environment. They may also help prisoners prepare for release and re-entering society by providing resource referrals. Forensic social workers advocating for crisis and trauma victims may work for crisis centres for domestic violence and rape.
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Prison officer
The role demands critical thinking, quick decision-making, and effective management of unexpected situations. Prison officers may also participate in rehabilitation programmes and support family relations. Higher-grade prison officers have additional responsibilities, such as supervising other officers or overseeing a specific area or wing of the prison.
The starting salary for prison officers in England and Wales ranges from £30,000 to £40,000 annually, with London salaries reaching up to £40,726. In Scotland, the starting salary is £24,705, increasing to £28,491 over three years. Prison officers are employed by various organisations, including HMPPS, Scottish Prison Service (SPS), Northern Ireland Prison Service (NIPS), and private prison providers like Sodexo Justice Services and Serco Custodial Services.
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Private investigator
A degree in criminology and law can lead to a wide range of career paths. While some graduates go on to further study, others choose to pursue careers in social work, teaching, law, and criminal justice.
One career option with a criminology and law degree is to become a private investigator. Private investigators, also known as private detectives, work for organisations and individuals to gather information. They may work on different types of cases, including legal, personal, or financial matters, and perform tasks such as background checks, interviews, and surveillance activities.
To become a private investigator, some states require candidates to obtain a license and pass a state exam. While a high school diploma and related experience are typically the minimum requirements, many employers prefer candidates with an associate's or bachelor's degree in criminal justice or a related field. A degree in criminology and law would provide a solid foundation for this career path, as it would equip graduates with a strong understanding of criminology, research methods, data analysis, psychology, and the criminal justice system.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the demand for private investigators is projected to grow. The median salary for private investigators was $50,090 in 2018, and it is expected to increase with experience, location, and industry. Private investigators often work on a contract basis and may need to be available for field work outside of typical office hours.
Overall, a degree in criminology and law can be a great starting point for a career as a private investigator, providing the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in this field.
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Forensic psychologist
Forensic psychology is one of psychology's most popular growth areas, according to the APA. Forensic psychologists study criminal behaviour and the reasons behind it, and help treat people who have committed offences. They often work with police officers, lawyers, and judges, and may testify in court. They may also work in prisons, government and law enforcement agencies, rehabilitation centres, or in private practice.
To become a forensic psychologist, you'll need at least a four-year degree. Most aspiring forensic psychologists major in psychology, but you can also consider a criminal justice program with a psychology minor. Some schools offer undergraduate and graduate forensic psychology programs, while others include it as a concentration in a psychology program. You can also pursue a master's degree in forensic psychology, which integrates psychology with the processes and procedures of the legal system. A Ph.D. in forensic psychology is another option, which can lead to careers in academia or research.
In terms of the work environment, it may be emotionally demanding and require frequent travel. The job outlook for forensic psychologists is promising, with a 6% growth expected by 2028. The median salary for psychologists is $94,310, although salaries for federal government employees can vary widely depending on the agency, location, and job title.
Forensic psychology is a rewarding career choice for those interested in understanding criminal behaviour and advocating for underserved populations. It requires significant education, training, and experience, but it offers a variety of career options and the opportunity to work in diverse settings.
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Frequently asked questions
There are many jobs you can get with a degree in criminology and law, including:
- Police officer
- Prison officer
- Probation officer
- Forensic scientist
- Social worker
- Teacher
- Lawyer
Many jobs in the criminal justice sector require a degree in criminology, including:
- Criminal intelligence analyst
- Case worker
- Researcher
- Intelligence analyst
- Prison visiting
- Special constable
There are many jobs outside the criminal justice sector that you can get with a criminology degree, including:
- Risk analyst
- Private detective or investigator
- Military police
- Civil service roles
- Community development worker
A criminology degree can provide you with a range of transferable skills that can be applied to various careers, including:
- Critical thinking
- Analytical skills
- Communication skills
- Research skills
- Data interpretation
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