Cameron Miranda
The English language has limited terms for relationships beyond close blood relatives, and this is particularly true for relationships by marriage. The daughter of your brother-in-law is your niece, and you are her uncle. However, if you want to specify that she is not your biological niece, you could say niece by marriage or wife's niece. Conversely, you could be referred to as her uncle by marriage or uncle-in-law. Ultimately, the terminology used may depend on personal preference and the level of familiarity between family members.
| Characteristics | Values |
|---|---|
| Relationship | Niece |
| Type of kinship | Affinity |
| Relation | Not directly related by blood |
| Other terms used | Family friend, cousin, niece by marriage, distant cousin, cousin-in-law |
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What You'll Learn
The daughter of your brother-in-law is your niece
In English, there is no specific word to describe this relationship beyond "niece" and "uncle". Some people may specify that the niece is "by marriage" or "by affinity", but this is not common. This is because, in English, the terms "aunt" and "uncle" are generally understood to include the biological siblings of one's parents and their spouses. However, other languages do have distinct terms for these relationships. For example, in Indian English, the daughter of your brother-in-law could be referred to as your "co-niece".
If you are specifically referring to the daughter of your brother-in-law in a genealogical context, you might refer to her as your "sibling's nibling-in-law" or "brother-in-law's niece/nephew". However, in casual conversation, it is simpler to just refer to her as your niece.
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Your brother-in-law's daughter is not your niece-in-law
Your brother-in-law's daughter is your niece, not your niece-in-law. This is because the term 'niece-in-law' is not commonly used, and nieces are typically understood to be the children of one's siblings or siblings-in-law, regardless of whether they are 'by blood', 'by marriage', or 'by adoption'.
In-law relationships are a type of kinship called affinity, which are relations that do not relate to a person directly by blood. The children of one's siblings-in-law are typically called nieces and nephews, and if necessary, it can be specified whether they are 'by marriage', 'by blood', or 'by adoption'.
Some people may refer to their brother-in-law's daughter as their 'niece-in-law' to be more specific about the nature of the relationship. However, this usage is not common, and most people would simply refer to the girl as their niece.
From a genealogical perspective, the daughter of your brother-in-law is your sister's husband's niece or nephew, and you are this child's uncle's wife's brother. More casually, you could say that she is your sister's niece or nephew, and you are the child's aunt's or uncle's brother. In this case, the child is not related to you, and you are simply related to the child's aunt or uncle.
In some cultures, like in the Caribbean and Latino families, the daughter of your brother-in-law might simply be referred to as your nephew or niece, regardless of the biological relationship. In India, native dialects have distinctive words for maternal, paternal, in-laws, and blood relations.
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You are the daughter's aunt's brother
If you are the daughter's aunt's brother, you are the daughter's uncle. The daughter of your brother-in-law is your niece, not your niece-in-law. This is because a "brother-in-law" is either the man married to your sister or your spouse's brother. In this case, the daughter is your niece by birth via blood siblings to either you or your spouse.
From a genealogical perspective, the child is your sister's husband's niece/nephew, and you are the child's aunt's brother. In English, there is no simpler way to describe this sort of relationship. Some people refer to such children as cousins, family friends, or simply as their niece/nephew without specifying the biological connection.
In Indian English, the daughter could be referred to as your co-niece, and you would be her co-uncle. In native Indian dialects, there are distinctive words for maternal, paternal, in-laws, and blood relations.
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The daughter is your niece by marriage
The daughter of your brother-in-law is your niece, not your niece-in-law. The term "niece-in-law" is not commonly used. Instead, she is simply your niece by marriage or your wife's niece. From a genealogical perspective, she is your sister's husband's niece, and you are this child's uncle's wife's brother. In this case, you are not directly related by blood, but by a type of kinship called affinity, similar to other in-law relationships.
Some people may refer to such a child as a "cousin" or "distant cousin" to avoid confusion, as the term "uncle" can be used colloquially for extended family relations and not just biological relationships. However, others may argue that family by marriage is still a connection, and chosen family can be a stronger bond than blood family.
In some cultures, like in the Caribbean and Latino families, the daughter of your brother-in-law might simply be referred to as your nephew or niece. Similarly, in Indian native dialects, there are distinctive words for maternal, paternal, in-laws, and blood relations, showing that family relationships can be defined and understood in various ways depending on cultural context.
In formal contexts, such as genealogy or ancestry records, you might be listed as the "husband of the aunt of the daughter" or she might be listed as the "niece of the wife of you" to maintain unambiguous relationships. In these cases, you could also specify “uncle by marriage" or "niece by marriage" to indicate the connection through your spouse's sibling.
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You are the daughter's uncle by marriage
If your brother-in-law is your spouse's brother, then his daughter is your niece. If your brother-in-law is the husband of your sibling, then his daughter is your niece by marriage. In either case, you are the daughter's uncle by marriage.
In-laws are people you are related to by marriage. The children of your siblings-in-law are called nieces and nephews. If you want to specify whether they are "by marriage", as opposed to "by blood" or "by adoption", you can. However, most people don't make this distinction and simply refer to their siblings-in-law's children as their nieces and nephews.
From a genealogical perspective, the daughter of your brother-in-law is your sister's husband's niece, and you are this child's uncle's wife's brother. More casually, you could say that she is your sister's niece, and you are her aunt's brother.
Some people prefer to use the term cousin for extended family relations that are not biological. In some cultures, there are distinctive words for maternal, paternal, in-laws, and blood relations. For example, in Indian English, the husband of one's sibling-in-law is called a "co-brother".
Ultimately, the specific terminology is less important than the bond you share with your family, whether they are related by blood or chosen through marriage.
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Frequently asked questions
Your brother-in-law's daughter is your niece.
Your brother-in-law's niece is your niece.
Your sister's husband's brother's child is your niece or nephew by marriage.
The daughter of your wife's sister is your niece.
The daughter of your husband's brother is your niece.
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